Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) Resources

NPT Official documents Treaty Text (PDF) Treaty Membership (PDF) The 2010 Review Conference The 2005 Review Conference documents 2004 NPT PrepCom Official Documents 2003 NPT PrepCom Official Documents 2002 NPT PrepCom Official Documents and Country Statements Report of the Preparatory Committee on its second session (2003) 2002 NPT PrepCom Chairman's Factual Summary 2000 NPT Review Conference Final Document 1999 PrepCom Official Documents and Country Statements 1998 PrepCom Official Documents and Country Statements 1997 PrepCom Official Documents and Country Statements 1995 Decisions and Resolution adopted at the NPT Review and Extension Conference 1985 NPT Review Conference Final Declaration 1975 Review Conference Final Declaration Useful links United Nations Department for Disarmament Affairs (DDA) WMD Branch, NPT Page United Nations Department for Disarmament Affairs (DDA) 2005 NPT Review Conference Page International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), IAEA and the NPT Acronym Institute, NPT Page Mountbatten Institute of International Studies (MCIS) British American Security Information Council (BASIC) Programme for Promoting Nuclear Nonproliferation (PPNN) Reaching Critical Will, NPT Page Arms Control Association: 2005 Campaign to Strengthen the NPT

Updated: April 15, 2008

(Note: Many documents listed here are in PDF format. A free PDF viewer is available.)

[top]

---

Resources for Previous Review Conferences

NPT REVIEW CONFERENCES LINKS
Jump to: 2005 | 2000 | 1995 | 1990 | Tutorial

[top]

• The NPT Review Conference: 188 States in Search of Consensus (PDF format)
  An article by William C. Potter for The International Spectator.
  Created: November 18, 2005

• Stalemate in the Diplomatic Trenches: An Overview of the Diverging Positions at the 2005 NPT Review Conference (PDF format)
  Just two days before the opening of the seventh Review Conference of the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), a front page headline in the New York Times read, "Threats Shadow New Conference on Nuclear Arms." While it is rare that a multilateral conference receives this kind of attention, the States Parties are meeting during a time of serious challenges to the nuclear nonproliferation regime.
  CNS Research Story by Peter Crail and James James McMonigle.
  Created: May 16, 2005

• Previewing the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty Conference
  Testimony By Jean du Preez
  House Committee on International Relations, Subcommittee on International Terrorism and Nonproliferation
  Created: May 4, 2005

• NPT Briefing Book April 2005 Edition
  The April 2005 NPT Briefing Book is the most comprehensive source of information related to the 2005 NPT Review Conference. Published jointly by the Mountbatten Centre for International Studies and the Center for Nonproliferation Studies, the NPT Briefing Book is a perennial source of information on the evolution of the nuclear nonproliferation regime, its relevant treaties and agreements, and documentation of all the latest developments leading up to the 2005 Review Conference. It also contains an up-to-date compilation of the most concrete and substantive proposals submitted as working papers, as part of national or group statements, and as other submissions to the 2004 session of the Preparatory Committee for the 2005 Review Conference. Part II contains a compilation of treaties, agreements and documents relevant to the nuclear nonproliferation regime.
  Created: April 22, 2005

• "Visions of Fission: The Demise of Nuclear Negative Security Assurances On The Bush Administration's Pentomic Battlefield"
  Article by Charles Blair and Jean du Preez, Nonproliferation Review (Spring 2005 - forthcoming)

• "The Fissban: Time for Renewed Commitment or a New Approach",
  Article by Jean du Preez, Disarmament Diplomacy, Issue No. 79, April/May 2005

• The 2005 NPT Review Conference: Can It Meet the Nuclear Challenge?
  By Jean du Preez, Arms Control Today, April 2005
  This article provides an in depth analysis on the challenges facing the NPT regime and suggest possible solutions to these challenges. The author argues that the NPT's continued vitality and effectiveness as an instrument to achieve the international community's common goals and as a building block for maintaining international peace and security is dependent on the implementation of the treaty as a whole.

• Negative Security Assurances: Revising the Nuclear-Weapon-Free-Zone Option
  By Leonard S. Spector and Aubrie Ohlde, Arms Control Today, April 2005
  The authors examine one of the most controversial issues in the NPT review process, negative security assurances, and explores the possibility of non-nuclear-weapon states obtaining these commitments from nuclear-weapon states through NWFZ treaties.

• Major Proposals to Strengthen the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty
  By Clair Applegarth and Rhianna Tyson, April 2005
  This report describes key government proposals in 14 areas relating to the global nuclear nonproliferation system and analyzes the positions of major states and blocs on the proposals. The report also provides a summary of significant proposals on the eve of the 2005 NPT Review Conference.

• Report from the CNS/MCIS NPT Workshop, "The 2005 Review Conference: Finding Common Ground" (March 18-19, 2005, Annecy, France).
  A report on the CNS-sponsored workshop to identify issues for the 2005 NPT Review Conference.

• "The Fissile Material Cutoff Treaty (FMCT):Time for a new approach or renewed commitment?", paper presented at the Tokyo Seminar on the NPT Towards the 2005 Review Conference, 7 & 8 February 2005

• "Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zones: Still a Useful Disarmament and Non-Proliferation Tool?"
  Paper by Scott Parrish and Jean du Preez, commissioned by the International Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission

• "The Future of a Treaty Banning Fissile Material for Weapons Purposes: Is It Still Relevant?",
  Paper by Jean du Preez, commissioned by the International Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission

• How We Think abut Peace and Security: The ABCs of Initiatives for Disarmament & Non-Proliferation Education
  By Masako Toki and William C. Potter, IAEA Bulletin, April 2005
  The authors suggest specific proposal in regards the implementation of the recommendations laid out in the UN study on Disarmament and Nonproliferation Education within the context of the NPT review process.

• IAEA & NPT - The Verification Challenge: Challenging Nuclear Issues Point the Way Forward
  By Tariq Rauf and Jan Lodding, IAEA Bulletin, April 2005
  This article explores new developments over the past five years related to challenges of verification of compliance with the NPT from the IAEA's policy perspective.

• What Next for the NPT? Facing the Moment of Truth
  By Roland Timerbaev, IAEA Bulletin, April 2005
  The author argues that the history witnessed that the NPT has been a cornerstone in increasing international cooperation in combating the proliferation of nuclear weapons and the spread of dangerous materials. However, he emphasizes, it is an undeniable fact that "this continuous struggle is becoming more and more complex and demanding."

• The Inventory of International Nonproliferation Organizations and Regimes. A CNS publication (last updated April 2005)
  The Inventory provides detailed information on formal organizations (such as the IAEA), multilateral groupings of states, international treaties (including the NPT and CTBT), non-treaty supplier groups, and regional and bilateral arrangements. The Inventory also includes international treaties related to terrorism. Appendices contain selected treaty texts, membership lists and a recently-expanded collection of country profiles detailing states' treaty membership and involvement in various international organizations.

• Tackling the Nuclear Dilemma: An Interview With IAEA Director-General Mohamed ElBaradei,
  Arms Control Today, March 2005

• Enforcing Compliance with the Non-Proliferation Treaty
  By Joseph Cirincione, Arms Control Association Annual Meeting, February 2005

• Strengthening the NPT Regime
  British American Security Information Council (BASIC) / Oxford Research Group (ORG), February 2005.

• Disarmament: Have the Five Nuclear Powers Done Enough?
  By Lawrence Scheineman, Arms Control Today, Jan/Feb 2005

• The 2005 Review Conference: Understanding the Challenges and Devising Responses: Workshop on the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
  Rapporteur's Report
  Created: January 24, 2005

• Nuclear Disarmament & Non-Proliferation: A Balanced Approach
  The Global Security Institute / The Carter Center, January 2005

• Strengthening non-proliferation rules and norms- the three state problem
  By George Perkovich, Disarmament Forum, December 2004.

• "Is the NPT up to the challenge of proliferation?"
  By Rebecca Johnson, Disarmament Forum, December 2004.

• "IAEA Safeguards and the NPT"
  By Ben Sanders, Disarmament Forum, December 2004.

• Contextualizing past, present and future challenges to the NPT regime
  By Rhianna Tyson, Disarmament Forum, December 2004.

• The Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Is It Time for a Multilateral Approach?
  By Tariq Rauf and Fionna Simpson, Arms Control Today, December 2004
  This article examines the recent discussion on revisiting multinational approaches to the nuclear fuel cycle and its historical debates. The authors argue that serious consideration of this issue could contribute to addressing current nonproliferation challenges.

• Walking the Nonproliferation Tightrope, An Interview with Ambassador Sérgio de Queiroz Duarte, President of the 2005 Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty Review Conference
  Arms Control Today, December 2004

• The 2005 NPT Review Conference: Challenges and Prospects Ahead
  By Jean du Preez
  This article explores challenges the NPT faces today, and suggests possible solution.
  Created: October 26, 2004

• Fiddling While Rome Burns? The 2004 NPT PrepCom (PDF format)
  By John Simpson and Jenny Nielsen, The Nonproliferation Review (Summer 2004)

• Report on the 2004 NPT PrepCom
  By Rebecca Johnson, Disarmament Diplomacy May/June 2004
  Dr. Johnson argues that the 2004 NPT Preparatory Committee ended in failure. She observes that not only did state parties fail to agree on any substantive issues, but that agreements on procedural issues for the Review Conference were hurried and "mired in confusion."

• Business as Usual and no Progress Made
  British American Security Information Council Report
  By Carol Naughton, May 2004
  The author provides an overview of the proceedings of the 2004 PrepCom. She focuses on discussion regarding a number of primary issues: compliance, universality, NWFZs, Iran, terrorism, the US record, and security assurances.

• Re-nuclearization or Disarmament: A Fateful Choice for Humanity
  By Senator Douglas Roche, O.C. (Canada), May 2004
  Senator Roche argues that the failure of the 2004 PrepCom to provide recommendations for the Review Conference was indicative of the fact that the positions of the NWS and the NNWS are now further apart than ever. He describes this divide as the worst crisis in the history of the NPT.

• The Roadmap to 2005 (PDF format)
  (25 pp., 500k)
  A report on the CNS-sponsored workshop to identify issues for the 2004 NPT PrepCom. Papers and discussion during the workshop considered the following topics: 1) tasks of the 3rd PrepCom 2) the security of non-nuclear weapon states, 3) nuclear disarmament, 4) nuclear terrorism and non-state actors, 5) universalization of the NPT, 6) peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and 7) the NPT review process.
  Created: April 28, 2004

• Interview with László Molnár: The Second NPT Preparatory Committee: Issues, Results, Implications for the 2005 Review Conference (PDF format)
  Nonproliferation Review (Spring 2004)
  The Nonproliferation Review discusses the outcome of the 2003 NPT PrepCom with the PrepCom's chairman, Ambassador László Molnár (Hungary).
  Created: March 17, 2004

• A World Wide Web of Nuclear Danger
  The Economist Special report, February 2004
  The report provides an overview of all of the challenges facing the NPT regime and some of the remedies that have been proposed. It notes that while prospects for the 2005 Review Conference remain grim, proposals to address these challenges outside the NPT have been highly controversial and divisive.

• The IAEA Additional Protocol: What It Is and Why It Matters (PDF format)
  By Theodore Hirsch, Nonproliferation Review (Fall/Winter 2004)
  This in-depth report elucidates what exactly the IAEA Additional Protocol is and how it might address the danger of nuclear proliferation. The author also argues that the Additional Protocol can make a significant contribution to nonproliferation through increasing IAEA access to information and locations.

• The Nuclear Non-proliferation Regime: Back to the Future?
  By John Simpson, published in Disarmament Forum (Strengthening Disarmament and Security), No.1, 2004.
  Dr. Simpson argues that the current crisis in the NPT regime is the result of both U.S. nuclear and nonproliferation policies and changes in the international nuclear arms control environment since the end of the Cold War.

• The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty: History
  by George Bunn, Arms Control Today, December 2003,

• Rogues and Rhetoric: The 2003 NPT PrepCom Slides Backwards
  By Rebecca Johnson, Disarmament Diplomacy, June/July 2003

• 2003 NPT Preparatory Committee: Progress towards 2005 or business as usual?
  By Jean du Preez.
  The author outlines the proceedings of the 2003 NPT PrepCom focusing on the discussion regarding the PrepCom's most sensitive issues such as the withdrawal of the DPRK, allegations against Iran, non-strategic weapons, and security assurances.
  Created: June 18, 2003

• 2003 NPT Preparatory Committee: "Business as Usual?
  By Jean du Preez and Emily Schroeder, a CNS Research Story of the Week, May 7, 2003.

• The NPT and Its 2003 PrepCom Session: A Regime in Need of Intensive Care
  By Tanya Ogilvie-White and John Simpson, Nonproliferation Review (Spring 2003)
  The authors analyze the history and development of the NPT regime and its review process up to the 2000 Review Conference. They conclude that while the regime existed in an incomplete form until the 1990's, the stresses placed on it in the Post-Cold War world have undermined both its disarmament and nonproliferation objectives.

• Security Assurances Against the Use or Threat of Use of Nuclear Weapons: Is Progress Possible at the NPT Prepcom?
  By Jean du Preez
  The article outlines the history of the debate over the use of negative security assurances.
  Created: April 24, 2003

• North Korea's Withdrawal From the NPT: A Reality Check
  By Jean du Preez and William Potter, a CNS Research Story of the Week, April 9, 2003.

• "Security Assurances and NWFZs: Is Progress Possible?" (PDF format)
  Paper presented by Jean du Preez at the 2003 Annecy workshop on the NPT: Challenges Facing the Nuclear Nonproliferation Regime, March 14-15, 2003 (hard copy available).

• Challenges Facing the Nuclear Nonproliferation Regime
  A report on a workshop hosted by the Center for Nonproliferation Studies, Monterey Institute of International Studies and Mountbatten Centre for International Studies, University of South Hampton. Annecy, France, March 14-15, 2003.

• The Evolution of NPT Review Conference Final Documents, 1975-2000
  By Carlton Stoiber, Nonproliferation Review (Fall/Winter 2003).

• Inspecting the Inspectorate: A Look at Financial and Political Support for the IAEA
  By Kaleb J. Redden, Nonproliferation Review (Fall/Winter 2003).

• Cuba's Accession to the NPT: A Step toward Strengthening the Nuclear Nonproliferation Regime
  by Jean du Preez
  Created: September 19, 2002

• CNS Workshop on Outcome and Implications of the 2002 NPT PrepCom
  A report on a NPT workshop held on July 14-15, 2002, in Annecy, France to discuss the results of the first session of the Preparatory Committee for the 2005 NPT Review Conference.

• Interview: Ambassador Henrik Salander on the 2002 NPT Preparatory Committee
  Conducted by William C. Potter, Mary Beth Nikitin & Tariq Rauf, Nonproliferation Review (Summer 2002). Ambassador Salander discusses the proceedings and outcome of the 2002 NPT PrepCom.

• "NPT 2002 Preparatory Committee Concludes"
  Research Story of the Week by Mary Beth Nikitin,
  Created: April 29, 2002.

• The Nature of the Revised review Process and the New Reporting and Consultation Procedures
  by Tariq Rauf, March 2002
  The development of the strengthened review process and the improvements made during the 2000 NPT Review Conference are outlines. The author argues that the new review process must have a "product oriented" approach in order to prevent debate over divisive issues from stalling Preparatory Committee objectives.

• CNS-PPNN Meeting on the First PrepCom for the 2005 NPT Review Conference
  A report on a workshop held on March 8-9, 2002, to address issues likely to be prominent in the 2002 NPT PrepCom meeting.

• The Impact of the Nuclear Posture Review on the International Nuclear Nonproliferation Regime
  by Jean du Preez, Nonproliferation Review (Fall/Winter 2002)
  The article provides an analysis of the international reaction to the NPR in the context of the nuclear nonproliferation regime and its impact on the strengthened NPT review process.

• "Towards NPT 2005: An Action Plan for the 13 Steps Toward Nuclear Disarmament"
  By Tariq Rauf, CNS Report
  Created: May 11, 2001.

[top]

• An Unequivocal Success? Implications of the NPT Review Conference
  by Tariq Rauf.
• Reinforcing the Strengthened Review Process (PDF)
  statement by Tariq Rauf (Delegation of Canada) at the 2000 NPT Review Conference.
• The 2000 NPT Review Conference: Challenges and Prospects (PDF)
  by Tariq Rauf.
• Shoring Up Commitment to the Non-Proliferation Treaty Before and After the 2000 Review Conference
  by Tariq Rauf.
• The Non-Proliferation Regime Successes (PDF)
  by Tariq Rauf.
• Ambassador Abdallah Baali on the 2000 NPT Review Conference
  an interview conducted by Tariq Rauf, NPR VII/3 Fall-Winter 2000.
• Politics and Pragmatism: The Challenges for NPT 2000
  by Lawrence Scheinman.
• Egypt and the Middle East Resolution at the NPT 2000 Review Conference
  by Rebecca Stevens and Amin Tarzi.
• Towards Nuclear Disarmament
  by Tariq Rauf, http://www.unog.ch/UNIDIR/e-df0-1.htm.
• Could the Non-Proliferation Treaty Collapse? The Uncertain Road Ahead
  by Sharon Riggle, http://www.unog.ch/UNIDIR/e-df0-1.htm.
• "The 2000 NPT Review Conference: A Delicate, Hard-won Compromise"
  by Rebecca Johnson, Disarmament Diplomacy, 2000.
• "Observations from the 2000 NPT Review Conference"
  by U.S. Ambassador Norman Wulf, Arms Control Today, November 2000.
• The Nuclear Disarmament Agenda and the Future of the NPT
  by Mark Moher.
• The 1999 NPT Preparatory Committee
  by Tariq Rauf and John Simpson, The Nonproliferation Review, Winter 1999.
  (This article is longer than the NPR version.)
• The Role of the IAEA in Promoting Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Nuclear Disarmament
  by Piet de Klerk, 1999.
• Reinforcing the NPT Regime
  by Jayantha Dhanapala, 1999.
• Can the NPT Survive Such Threats as Yugoslavia's Bombing, Russia's Plans for New Nuclear Weapons, U.S. Plans for Missile Defense Systems, and the Duma-Senate Stalemate on Nuclear Treaties?
  by George Bunn, 1999.
• Successes of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime
  by Tariq Rauf, 1999.
• The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Review - 2000
  by Tariq Rauf, 1999.
• The April 1998 NPT PrepCom (PDF)
  by Tariq Rauf, The Nonproliferation Review, Winter 1998.
• Farewell to the NPT's Strengthened Review Process?
  Disarmament Diplomacy -- Issue No 26, May 1998.
• Preparing for the April 1997 NPT PrepCom (PDF)
  by Tariq Rauf, The Nonproliferation Review, Winter 1997.

[top]

• After the NPT's Indefinite Extension (PDF)
  by Tariq Rauf and Rebecca Johnson, The Nonproliferation Review, Fall 1995.
• Delegate Perspectives on the 1995 Review and Extension Conference (PDF)
  by Susan Welsh, The Nonproliferation Review, Spring 1995.
• Measure for Measure: NPT and the Road Ahead
  by Bernhanykun Andemicael, Merle Opelz, and Jan Priest, IAEA Bulletin 1995.
• UN Secretary-General Boutros-Boutros Ghali to the 1995 NPTREC
• Statement to the 1995 NPTREC
  by Dr. Hans Blix, IAEA Director General.
• The NPT and Options for its Extension: 1995 (PDF)
  by George Bunn, The Nonproliferation Review, Winter 1994.
• "Middle East Peace and the NPT Extension Decision" (PDF)
  by Gerald Steinberg, The Nonproliferation Review, Fall 1996.

[top]

• "NPT: Deadlock Damages Nonproliferation",
  by Leonard Spector and Jacqueline Smith, The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, December 1990.

[top]

• NPT Tutorial
  The tutorial examining the NPT has been designed to educate and provide introductory material about the treaty through interactive text and enriched multimedia.

• Nuclear-Weapon-Free-Zone (NWFZ) Tutorial
  This tutorial provides an in-depth introduction to regional agreements banning the use, transfer, and development of nuclear weapons.

The NPT Resource page was compiled by the International Organizations and Nonproliferation Program (IONP).